Baldness - Male Pattern Baldness - Female Baldness
What is Baldness - Baldness is the lack of hair where it would normaly grow, especially on the head. The most common form of baldness is called:
Male Pattern and Female Pattern Baldness.
Hair Information - The hair itself, or the shaft, is composed of keratin, and is essentially a collection of dead cells which are the product of the hair follicle. The hair
follicle describes an invagination of the epidermis into the underlying dermis. The proximal end of the follicle has an onion-shaped dilatation called the bulb, which
is hollow at its base and envelopes the dermal papilla. The follicle has two layers, the dermal layer (fibrous tissue) and the epidermal layer. Into each follicle, the
arrectores pilorum muscle inserts at the dermal layer below the entrance of the sebaceous gland duct. The arrectore pilorus acts to elevate the hair shaft and
express sebum. The life cycle of the hair begins with the anagen phase which is a period of growth when the follicular cells are multiplying and keratinizing. This
lasts 2-6 years. The involutional phase begins when the follicle involutes and migrates closer to surface (club hair). The telogen phase describes a resting period
that lasts approximately 100 days allowing the dermal papilla to be released from the epidermal investment. On average, hair growth occurs at the rate of
0.33mm/day. New hairs are produced by the formation of a new follicle and hair shaft pushing out the club hair.
What causes Baldness - The most common type of baldness or hair loss (97%) in men and women is 'androgenetic alopecia'. 'androgenetic alopecia' has a racial prevalence
in whites, with 96% of white males having some degree of male pattern androgenetic alopecia by age 60. It was originally thought that 'androgenetic alopecia' was
inherited as a trait in the male, and as a trait in the female. It is now felt that 'androgenetic alopecia' follows a polygenic inheritance and that possession of
more 'androgenetic alopecia' genes renders one more likely to become bald.
Baldness Treatments
Hair replacement grafts (transplants)-
Hair can be transplanted or grafted from the back of the scalp where it usually grows abundantly in bald men,
especially younger men. It is transplanted to the bald patch where it grows in the same manner as if it were still on the donor site. The minor operation is under local
anaesthetic and can be done in several stages or in one mega session where thousands of hairs are involved.
Prescription Medication Minoxidil (Rogaine) -
Rogaine has been found to be effective in roughly 30% of men with baldness on the top of the head. Applied twice a day in a cream the hair
growth occurs as long as the product is used. Rogaine was originally approved to treat high blood
pressure.
Prescription Medication Finasteride -
Finasteride was originally prescribed for prostate problems, the drug has been shown to stop hair loss and in some cases reverse the balding process.
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